蘇宜香 馮翔 何志謙
（中山醫科大學(xué)公共衛生學(xué)院醫學(xué)營(yíng)養系，廣州510089）

提要
目的：以較客觀(guān)的方法觀(guān)察早餐質(zhì)量對小學(xué)生在校學(xué)習行為的影響。方法：以廣州市兩所小學(xué)三年級小學(xué)生共159人為研究對象，隨機分為兩組，以交替方式分別食用兩種不同質(zhì)量的早餐，共5天，并于當天上午進(jìn)行學(xué)習行為和耐力方面的測試。結果：食用能量充足、配比均衡早餐的學(xué)生在數字運算、創(chuàng )造想象力及身體耐力等方面表現優(yōu)于食用能量不足、配比不合理的早餐的學(xué)生，差異有顯著(zhù)性意義（P<0.05）。結論：早餐質(zhì)量對小學(xué)生在校學(xué)習行為有較顯著(zhù)的影響，為推廣學(xué)生營(yíng)養早餐、加強營(yíng)養教育提供了科學(xué)依據。

關(guān)鍵詞：早餐 小學(xué)生 學(xué)習行為

THE EFFECTS OF BREAKFAST ON SCHOOL PERFORMANCE OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN

Su Yixiang Feng Xiang He Zhiqian

(Faculty of Medical Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510089)

159 children from 2 primary schools in Guangzhou were randomly assigned to 2 groups which ate 2 different kinds of breakfast alternatively in different sequences over a period of 5 successive days. 5 mental performance tests and 1 physical endurance test were carried out by integrating them into the normal school work in these 5 mornings by school teachers. Methods were applied to avoid children discovering the possible linkage between experimental breakfast and performance tests. The results of arithmetic tests, creativity test and physical endurance were significantly better after a breakfast from which children derived over 25% RDA of energy and nutrients intake than after a breakfast from which children obtained less than 10% RDA (P<0.05). The results indicated that sufficient and balanced breakfast may have a positive effect on school performance of primary school children.

Key words: breakfast primary school children school performance