Marie-Francoise ROLLAND-CACHERA#, France BELLISLE*, Mich?le DEHEEGER#
#XR290 INSERM, ISTNA, C.N.A.M., 2 rue Cont?, 75003 Paris, France
INSERM U341 and Service de Nutrition, H?tel-Dieu, Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75181 Paris, cedex 04, France

摘要 本文報告西歐幾個(gè)國家青少年營(yíng)養攝入狀況的調查，特別針對青少年人群的營(yíng)養現狀進(jìn)行討論。發(fā)現：青少年的肥胖，尤其是巨型肥胖的發(fā)病率增加，同時(shí)能量攝入減少。西歐青少年平均每日能量攝入是充足的，但脂肪尤其是飽和脂肪攝入較多而碳水化物和膳食纖維的攝入較少。有2/3蛋白質(zhì)主要來(lái)源于動(dòng)物性食品。大多數青少年微量營(yíng)養素的平均攝入量基本達到了推薦量，但鈣、鐵攝入不足，這種不足在女生中更為明顯。節食、吸煙、食用營(yíng)養價(jià)值低的食物等問(wèn)題在青少年中很普遍。這些行為會(huì )對青少年營(yíng)養狀況造成不良影響。青少年的營(yíng)養問(wèn)題雖然不比其它年齡段嚴重，但會(huì )對青少年將來(lái)的健康帶來(lái)不利影響。

關(guān)鍵詞：營(yíng)養狀況，營(yíng)養，青少年時(shí)期，歐洲

Nutritional Status and Food Intake in Adolescents Living in Western Europe
Marie-Francoise ROLLAND-CACHERA#, France BELLISLE*, Mich?le DEHEEGER#
#XR290 INSERM, ISTNA, C.N.A.M., 2 rue Cont?, 75003 Paris, France
INSERM U341 and Service de Nutrition, H?tel-Dieu, Place du Parvis Notre-Dame, 75181 Paris, cedex 04, France

ABSTRACT
　　This review covers surveys of nutritional intake in adolescents living in several countries of Western Europe. Current definitions of nutritional status are discussed, with a special emphasis on adolescent years. It is generally observed that obesity rates increase (especially those of massive obesity) in young people, whereas declared energy intakes decrease. Average daily energy input seems adequate in adolescents of Western Europe. However, fat (especially saturated) intake is high while that of CHO and fiber is low. Proteins are mainly (two thirds) from animal sources. Average micronutrient intakes correspond to recommended values in most cases, but there are a few exceptions (calcium, iron) which are low, particularly in girls. Specific problems become frequent at adolescence, such as dieting , smoking, getting low quality foods out of the home, etc. These behaviors may induce adverse nutritional conditions. Nutritional problems at adolescence do not appear more severe than at other ages, however they may exert strong deleterious impact on future health.

Key words: Nutrition status, Nutrition, Adolescence, Europe