中國疾病預防控制中心營(yíng)養與食品安全所，北京 100050

 

摘要：目的 分析中國2歲以?xún)葖胗變何桂B狀況及變化趨勢。 方法 采用多階段分層隨機整群抽樣的方法，在全國14個(gè)省、自治區、和直轄市的43個(gè)調查點(diǎn)中選取7204名2歲以下嬰幼兒，利用嬰幼兒家長(cháng)調查問(wèn)卷了解兒童喂養狀況。結果 2006年我國6個(gè)月內嬰兒母乳喂養率為49.2％，城市為51.9%，農村為48.5%。6~24個(gè)月嬰幼兒配方奶、普通奶類(lèi)、谷類(lèi)、畜肉類(lèi)、水產(chǎn)品、蛋類(lèi)、豆類(lèi)及蔬菜水果的平均添加率分別為41.8%、47.6%、94.4%、78.0%、59.9%、87.4%、64.9%和90.2%。結論 我國2歲以?xún)葖胗變何桂B狀況需要關(guān)注，純母乳喂養率偏低，過(guò)早添加輔食與輔食添加不及時(shí)同時(shí)存在。尤其農村6個(gè)月內嬰兒母乳喂養率呈下降趨勢明顯。   

Abstract: Objective  To analyze the feeding situation and change trend of the infants and young children under the age of 2 years in China. Methods  The multi-stage cluster probability sampling was used to select randomly total 7204 infants and young children under the age of 2 years from Chinese 14 provinces, autonomy regions and municipalities. Questionnaires for parents were used to collect the information of feeding. Results  The national breastfeeding rate of infant under 6 months was 49.2% in 2006, which of urban and rural is 51.9% and 48.5% respectively. About the complementary feeding of the infants and young children of 6 to 24 months, the addition rate of formula, common milk and milk products, cereals, meats, aquatic products, eggs, legume, vegetable and fruit is 41.8%, 47.6%, 94.4%, 78.0%, 59.9%, 87.4%, 64.9% and 90.2% respectively. Conclusion  The status of infants and young children still need further concerns, for the reason that the exclusive breastfeeding rate remained in a low level, especially the rate in rural areas showed a dramatic decreased trend. Meanwhile, the complementary feeding frequently begins too early or too late, and foods are often nutritionally inadequate and unsafe.  

Key words: infants and young children, breastfeeding, complementary feeding