于冬梅  張兵 趙麗云 王惠君 何宇納 劉愛(ài)東 于文濤 賈鳳梅 張晴 李艷紅 翟鳳英

中國疾病預防控制中心營(yíng)養與食品安全所  北京 100050

 

摘要：目的 描述中國3～17歲城鄉兒童青少年的零食消費情況、消費特點(diǎn)以及零食對此人群能量營(yíng)養素攝入的貢獻。方法 數據來(lái)自中國健康與營(yíng)養調查（1991～2004）、2002年中國居民營(yíng)養與健康狀況調查、2007年北京市和湖北省居民零食專(zhuān)題調查。零食消費率和對能量營(yíng)養素貢獻的計算使用連續三天24小時(shí)膳食回顧調查數據，吃零食1次以上則為消費零食，以此計算消費率。結果 1991～2004年，3~17歲兒童青少年零食消費率及平均每天零食消費量均有上升趨勢。2002年中國城鄉3~17歲兒童青少年零食消費率為35.1%，其中城市55.7%、農村29.6%。零食提供的能量為7.7%、膳食纖維為18.2%、維生素C17.9%、鈣9.9%、維生素E 9.7%、鐵6.9%、鋅6.3%。零食消費原因更多是好吃、渴/餓了或者食品廣告宣傳；最常在家和學(xué)校消費；多由家人提供，也有自己購買(mǎi)。每周吃4~6天以上糖果及巧克力、膨化小食品等零食者占一定比例。結論  合理指導3~17歲兒童青少年零食選擇和消費十分重要。本文結果可能低估零食對兒童青少年膳食及能量營(yíng)養素攝入的影響。

 

關(guān)鍵詞：零食　兒童　青少年

中圖分類(lèi)號： R153.2                        文獻標識碼：A

 

Snacks consumption in Chinese children and adolescents at the ages of 3-17 years

YU Dongmei, ZHANG Bing,ZHAO Liyun，WANG Huijun, et al.

 

National Institute for Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China

 

Abstract：Objective To describe the status of snacks consumption, the characteristics, and the contribution to their diet and nutrients intake in Chinese children and adolescents at the ages of 3-17 years.

Methods Chinese health and nutritional survey (1991-2004), Chinese National nutrition and health survey (2002), and 2007 typical survey on snacks in Chinese residents were used in this report. The incidence of snacks consumption and snacking contribution were calculated by consecutive day 3 dietary recalls of the first 2 surveys. At least 1 snacks intake in 3 days was snacking consumption.　Results The incidences of snacks consumption in Chinese population at the ages of 3-17 years were increased from 1991（13.2%） to 2004（19.3%）. There were 35.1% of Chinese children and adolescents consuming snacks, 55.7% in urban and 29.6% in rural. Snacks provided 7.7% of total daily energy, 18.2% of fiber, 17.9% of VC, 9.9% of calcium, 9.7% of VE，6.9% of iron and 6.3% of zinc. The snacks were mainly consumed in the evening. The main reasons were not nutrition of food but good taste, thirsty or hungry and food advertisement. The location of snacking was mainly at home and school. The snacks came from parents or other family members. They also buy snacks themselves. The consumption of candies and chocolate, jelly more than 4-6day a week had a certain proportion. Conclusion  It was important to supervise snacks selection and consumption in Chinese children and adolescents at the ages of 3～17 years. The limitations of snacks consumption data perhaps lowed underestimate the effects of snacks to dietary intake.

key words：snacks， children，adolescents

 

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